Inflation and unemployment are two key elements when assessing an economy as a whole and it is also easy to obtain these figures from the National Bureau of Statistics when you want to evaluate it. However, their relationship is a controversial topic, debated by economists for decades. From some famous economists such as Paul Samuelson, Milton Freidman, etc. to some infamous economists, this topic has received a lot of attention. But it is this debate that changes thinking. In this essay, the controversial topic will be addressed by examining the opinions of different economists on it based on time sequencing. But before we begin, it helps to better understand the terms inflation and unemployment. Inflation refers to an increase in the overall price level within an economy. In simple terms, this means that you have to pay more money to get the same amount of goods or services that you acquired before. On the other hand, the term unemployment is easier to understand. Generally, these are people who are available for work but who cannot find work. And the unemployment rate, which is the percentage of the labor force unemployed, is generally used to measure unemployment (Mankiw, 1992). The debate on the relationship between inflation and unemployment is mainly based on the famous “Phillips curve”. This curve was first discovered by a New Zealand economist called Allan William Phillips. In 1958, AW Phillips published an article “The relationship between unemployment and the rate of change of money wages in the United Kingdom, 1861-1957”, in which he showed a negative correlation between inflation and unemployment (Phillips 1958). As shown in Figure 1, when the unemployment rate is low, the inflation rate tends to be high, and when unemployment is high, the inflation rate tends to be low or even negative. Figure 1Phillips curveTwo years later, economists Paul Samuelson and Robert Solow, who are the most invasive exponents of the Keynesian school, also published a paper showing the same negative correlation between inflation and unemployment, based on economic data from United States (Samuelson and Solow). 1960).