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Essay / Understanding Human Behavior: The Power of Psychology
Although, among all the theories and research available, Erikson is the most popular because his work involves identifying the eight different psychosocial stages that occur in life, in focusing on the personal development of one’s identity (MacLeod, 2008). He believed that how an individual copes with life's challenges determines whether they will move on to the next stage or stay (Erikson, 2013). His theory considers the influence of external factors, the environment, parents and society as a whole. It begins with stage one: Trust versus Distrust, which occurs during early childhood and continues through several stages until ending in eighth grade. Next comes the second stage: Anatomy versus Shame and Doubt (toddlers), then the third stage: Initiative versus Guilt (preschool years), the fourth stage: Industry versus Inferiority (early school years), the fifth stage: Identity versus Confusion role (adolescence), the sixth stage: Intimacy versus Isolation (young adulthood), the seventh stage: Generativeness versus Stagnation (middle age), before the final phase: Ego Integrity versus Despair (adulthood) (McLeod, 2008). According to Erikson's theory, successful completion of each stage results in a healthier personality and the acquisition of certain basic strengths that one could use to solve future problems..