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Essay / Global Epistemological Skepticism - 1116
Epistemological skepticism is the idea that individuals lack knowledge or justification for a specific group of propositions (Barnett, 2014). Skepticism towards all propositions is known as global skepticism and reveals that knowledge is non-existent (2014). The regress problem is a difficulty in epistemology, where an idea must be justified, because the justification itself must have deeper reasoning (2014). The infinite regress argument concludes that individuals lack justification and knowledge (since knowledge requires justification) through its premises, but non-doxastic proofs end the regress argument without circularity or arbitrariness. The infinite regress argument dates back to Sectus Empiricus, 3rd century CE (2014). ). It states that for a belief to be justified, it must be supported by reasons that form either a finite, linear chain of beliefs, a finite, circular chain of beliefs, or an infinite chain of beliefs (2014). However, all of these reasoning methods have flaws. A finite, linear chain must end with an unproven assertion or hypothesis, which cannot justify anything (2014). Since it ends with the absence of further justification, knowledge is also absent. Circular reasoning cannot justify anything (2014), because the justifications continue to justify each other. Finally, the limited minds of human beings are not capable of having an infinite number of beliefs (2014). Therefore, due to these flaws, individuals lack justification and knowledge. Skeptics hold to this conclusion and believe that, indeed, justification and knowledge are non-existent. However, there are several potential responses to this case of skepticism. Infinitiism is the view that the individual...... middle of article ...... against the existence of knowledge has been supported by the regress problem and the argument from infinite regression. . The questioning of knowledge and its existence has given rise to numerous responses to counter the ideas of skeptics. Flaws have been observed from the skeptics' perspective and answers have arisen from these inconsistencies. However, difficulties have been noted in the conceptions of infinitiism, coherentism and foundationalism. The idea that concludes the infinite regress argument without describing the flaws seen in other answers is that of non-doxastic proofs. Works Cited Barnett, CB (January 2014). Skepticism: the problem of regression. Paper presented at St. John Fisher College, Rochester, NY. Feinberg, J. and Shafer-Landau, R. (2013). Reason and responsibility: Readings of some fundamental problems of philosophy. Boston, MA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning.