Examine John Henry Newman's changing attitude toward infallibility, between the end of Vatican I in 1870 and Gladstone's attack in 1875. In this essay, I propose to analyze Newman's attitude towards infallibility during the period described. above. In particular, I will examine his letters to note the diversity of the correspondents and the approaches adopted. I will attempt to see a pattern from his opinions expressed to simple researchers who write to him, to national and professional writers seeking information or points of debate, and to his family and friends in relation to the doctrine of infallibility . Over this five year period, I will deduce, from primarily primary sources, his expressed opinions on infallibility and his developed reasoning, and then present my conclusions. First, a brief history of Victorian Britain will set the context. Mid-Victorian Britain saw political reform as a primary goal. There was an established order of churches, characterized by denomination but, more tellingly, by social class and a defined place in society. The plight of the poor and the devastating effects of industrialization were not at the forefront of the Church's role. These views were being challenged by a growing secularization of society, by movements set up to reform and give more people a voice in government, and by questioning the relevance of the Church. The Church played a role, for example, in the Christian Socialist Movement, created as much to control and limit reforms as to help the poor. It was a time of expansion of the Catholic Church, since the reestablishment of the hierarchy in 1850. Popular liberal attitudes called into question Catholic loyalty to the state, and since the 1850s newspapers and periodicals characterized this point of view of ...... middle of article ...... ring 1982), pp. 86-88. Rahner, K. “A review of Hans Kung.” Revue homiletique et pastorale 71, May 1971, pp.10 – 26. Schatz, K. Papal supremacy: from its origins to the present day. Collegeville, MN: The Liturgical Press, 1996, pp.151-162.Strange, Roderick. John Henry Newman: A Living Spirit. London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 2008. Sugg, J. ed. A Bundle of Letters: A Selected Correspondence of John Henry Newman. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983. Tierney, B. Origins of Papal Infallibility 1150 – 1350. ("Studies in the History of Christian Thought"). Leiden: EJ Brill, 1972. Ward, W. William George Ward and the Catholic revival. London: Longmans Green and Co. 1893, p.274. Accessed March 9, 2014: https://archive.org/details/riwilliamgeorgeward.Wolfe, J. Religion in Victorian Britain: Culture and Empire. Manchester: The Open University Press, 1997.