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Essay / Effects of the Avignon Papacy - 1687
Clement was a pope of French origin with close ties to Philip IV. It is easy to deduce that he was the first pope to settle in Avignon. Although he was often asked to move to Rome, he refused to leave his native France. According to The History of Christianity Vol. 1 of Gonzalez, Clement was the only pope under the Avignon papacy to elect the most French cardinals. All except his cardinals were of French origin. By electing almost all the French cardinals, he proved to the King of France where his allegiance lay and where the papacy should continue. His allegiance to France does not stop there. As noted above, Philip IV experienced many trials and tribulations with previous popes who did not defend his rule. Clement V did not yet defend the King like his predecessors. Clément lacked leadership. Often, by disobeying the ideas of King Philip IV, he was ashamed to change his decisions. An example of his weakness would be his reversal of the bulls implemented by Pope Boniface III. As discussed above, King Philip IV once had tensions with King Edward I of England. According to Nelson's Lectures for a Medieval Survey, Boniface had published the bull Clericis laicos. This made it illegal for any clergy to support either king. Later he issued the bull Unam Sanctam, which gave the papacy supreme power. It was this bull that led to his council in Rome to discuss King Philip.